A meta-analysis of risk of pregnancy loss and caffeine and coffee consumption during pregnancy

·         PubMed was searched for reports published before September 2014, with the keywords “caffeine,” “coffee,” “beverage,” “miscarriage,” “spontaneous abortion,” and “fetal loss.”

·         Case–control and cohort studies were included when they had been reported in English, the exposure of interest was caffeine/coffee consumption during pregnancy, the outcome of interest was spontaneous abortion or fetal death, and multivariate–adjusted odds ratios (ORs) or risk ratios were provided or could be calculated.

·         Data were extracted and combined ORs calculated.

Website:  http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/

Prediction of small for gestational age neonates: Screening by biophysical and biochemical markers at 19-24 weeks

In this study, authors want to investigate the potential value of combined screening, by maternal characteristics and medical history, fetal biometry and biophysical and biochemical markers at 19–24 weeks' gestation, for prediction of delivery of small for gestational age (SGA) neonates in the absence of preeclampsia (PE) and examine the potential value of such assessment in deciding whether the third–trimester scan should be at 32 and / or 36 weeks' gestation. Prenatal prediction of a high proportion of SGA neonates necessitates the undertaking of screening in the third–trimester of pregnancy, in addition to assessment in the second–trimester, and the timing of such screening, at 32 and / or 36 weeks, should be contingent on the results of the assessment at 19–24 weeks.

Website: http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/

3. Influence of home and school environments on specific dietary behaviors among postpartum, high-risk teens, 27 states, 2007-2009

The objective of this study was to determine whether perceptions of the home and school food environments are related to food and beverage intakes of postpartum teens. Home and school environments are related to dietary behaviors among postpartum teens, with a positive home environment more strongly associated with healthful behaviors.

Website:  http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/

Gynaecological issues affecting the obese adolescent

The implications of obesity in childhood and adolescence resonate into adulthood and have implications at different levels that include psychosocial and health issues that impact beyond reproductive performance. This chapter explores the various facets and consequences on gynaecological issues of increased Body Mass Index in childhood, including the link with puberty, pubertal menorrhagia (also affecting children with complex needs) and the all too common problems surrounding hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and the polycystic ovarian syndrome in particular which need to be seen in the specific context of the adolescent years. The wider ramifications of obesity on the psychosocial welfare of adolescents merits special attention. Finally management strategies are considered in the context of the needs of adolescents.

Website: http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/

Contraception and sexual health in obese women

•Obese adult women do not differ from normal-weight women regarding sexual health, sexual behavior, and contraceptive use.

•Body image may lead obese adolescents to engage in riskier behavior, placing them at a greater risk of an unintended pregnancy.

•Evidence is reassuring that most modern contraceptive methods are safe and effective in obese women.

•There is some evidence that oral emergency contraception is less effective in overweight and obese women.

Website:  http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/

Committee Opinion No. 619: Gynecologic Surgery in the Obese Woman

Based on expert opinion and available data, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists makes the following recommendations:

·         Gynecologic surgeons should have the knowledge to counsel obese women on the risks specific to this group.

·         As with all patients, evidence demonstrates that, in general, vaginal hysterectomy is associated with better outcomes and fewer complications than laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy.

Website:  http://www.arjonline.org/medicine-and-health-care/american-research-journal-of-gynaecology/